Conversion Factors

This list covers various units of measurement, and while it’s not exhaustive, it should provide a solid foundation:

Length

• 1 inch = 2.54 centimeters
• 1 meter = 100 centimeters
• 1 meter = 1,000 millimeters
• 1 kilometer = 1,000 meters

Mass

• 1 kilogram = 1,000 grams
• 1 gram = 1,000 milligrams
• 1 pound (lb) = 0.453592 kilograms
• 1 ounce (oz) = 28.3495 grams

Mass and Weight Conversions

• 1 kilogram (kg) = 1000 grams (g)
• 1 gram (g) = 1000 milligrams (mg)
• 1 milligram (mg) = 1000 micrograms (µg)
• 1 ton (metric) = 1000 kilograms (kg)
• 1 pound (lb) = 16 ounces (oz)
• 1 pound (lb) = 453.592 grams (g)
• 1 ounce (oz) = 28.3495 grams (g)
• 1 atomic mass unit (amu) = 1.66054 × 10⁻²⁷ kilograms (kg)

Volume

• 1 liter (L) = 1,000 milliliters (mL)
• 1 liter = 1,000 cubic centimeters (cm³)
• 1 cubic meter (m³) = 1,000 liters
• 1 gallon (US) = 3.78541 liters
• 1 gallon (UK) = 4.54609 liters
• 1 quart (US) = 0.946353 liters
• 1 pint (US) = 473.176 milliliters
• 1 fluid ounce (US) = 29.5735 milliliters

Temperature

• °C to °F: (°C × 9/5) + 32
• °F to °C: (°F – 32) × 5/9
• Kelvin to °C: K – 273.15
• °C to Kelvin: °C + 273.15

Pressure

• 1 atmosphere (atm) = 101.325 kilopascals (kPa)
• 1 atm = 760 millimeters of mercury (mmHg)
• 1 atm = 14.696 pounds per square inch (psi)
• 1 kPa = 1,000 pascals (Pa)

Energy

• 1 joule (J) = 1 watt-second (W·s)
• 1 calorie (cal) = 4.184 joules
• 1 kilocalorie (kcal) = 1,000 calories
• 1 electronvolt (eV) = 1.602 × 10⁻¹⁹ joules

Moles and Concentration

• 1 mole = 6.022 × 10²³ particles (Avogadro’s number)
• Molarity (M) = moles of solute / liters of solution
• Mole fraction = moles of component / total moles of all components

Miscellaneous

• 1 atm = 1.01325 bar
• 1 bar = 100,000 pascals (Pa)